Through the eDNA looking glass: Responses of fjord benthic foraminiferal communities to contrasting environmental conditions

Summary, in English

The health of coastal marine environments is severely declining with global changes. Proxies, such as those based on microeukaryote communities, can record biodiversity and ecosystem responses. However, conventional studies rely on microscopic observations of limited taxonomic range and size fraction, missing putatively ecologically informative community components. Here, we tested molecular tools to survey foraminiferal biodiversity in a fjord system (Sweden) on spatial and temporal scales: Alpha and beta diversity responses to natural and anthropogenic environmental trends were assessed and variability of foraminiferal environmental DNA (eDNA) compared to morphology-based data. The identification of eDNA-obtained taxonomic units was aided by single-cell barcoding. Our study revealed wide diversity, including typical morphospecies recognized in the fjords, and so-far unrecognized taxa. DNA extraction method impacted community composition outputs significantly. DNA extractions of 10 g sediment more reliably represented present diversity than of 0.5-g samples and, thus, are preferred for environmental assessments in this region. Alpha- and beta diversity of 10-g extracts correlated with bottom-water salinity similar to morpho-assemblage diversity changes. Sub-annual environmental variability resolved only partially, indicating damped sensitivity of foraminiferal communities on short timescales using established metabarcoding techniques. Systematically addressing the current limitations of morphology-based and metabarcoding studies may strongly improve future biodiversity and environmental assessments.

• Author: Inda Brinkmann; Magali Schweizer; David Singer; Sophie Quinchard; Christine Barras; Joan M. Bernhard; Helena L. Filipsson
• Department/s: Quaternary Sciences; BECC: Biodiversity and Ecosystem services in a Changing Climate
• Publishing year: 2023
• Language: English
• Publication/Series: Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology
• Volume: 70
• Issue: 4
• Links: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12975
• Document type: Journal article
• Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
• Topic: Climate Research; Environmental Sciences; Oceanography, Hydrology, Water Resources; Ecology
• Keywords: barcoding; biodiversity; coastal ecosystems; environmental DNA; foraminifera; hypoxia; metabarcoding
• Status: Published
• Project: Tracing past bottom water oxygenation in the sea: a microanalytical approach to improve calcium carbonate based proxies (TOPICaL)
• ISBN/ISSN/Other: ISSN: 1066-5234