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LU

Emma Hammarlund

Research team manager

LU

The Sirius Passet Lagerstätte of North Greenland—A geochemical window on early Cambrian low-oxygen environments and ecosystems

Author

  • Emma U. Hammarlund
  • M. Paul Smith
  • Jan A. Rasmussen
  • Arne T. Nielsen
  • Donald E. Canfield
  • David A.T. Harper

Summary, in English

The early Cambrian Sirius Passet fauna of northernmost Greenland (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 3) contains exceptionally preserved soft tissues that provide an important window to early animal evolution, while the surrounding sediment holds critical data on the palaeodepositional water-column chemistry. The present study combines palaeontological data with a multiproxy geochemical approach based on samples collected in situ at high stratigraphic resolution from Sirius Passet. After careful consideration of chemical alterations during burial, our results demonstrate that fossil preservation and biodiversity show significant correlation with iron enrichments (FeHR/FeT), trace metal behaviour (V/Al), and changes in nitrogen cycling (δ15N). These data, together with Mo/Al and the preservation of organic carbon (TOC), are consistent with a water column that was transiently low in oxygen concentration, or even intermittently anoxic. When compared with the biogeochemical characteristics of modern oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), geochemical and palaeontological data collectively suggest that oxygen concentrations as low as 0.2–0.4 ml/L restricted bioturbation but not the development of a largely nektobenthic community of predators and scavengers. We envisage for the Sirius Passet biota a depositional setting where anoxic water column conditions developed and passed over the depositional site, possibly in association with sea-level change, and where this early Cambrian biota was established in conditions with very low oxygen.

Department/s

  • Division of Translational Cancer Research

Publishing year

2019-01

Language

English

Pages

12-26

Publication/Series

Geobiology

Volume

17

Issue

1

Document type

Journal article

Publisher

Wiley-Blackwell

Topic

  • Geochemistry

Keywords

  • Cambrian explosion
  • geochemistry
  • oxygen minimum zone
  • Sirius Passet
  • soft-tissue fossil preservation
  • water-column chemistry

Status

Published

ISBN/ISSN/Other

  • ISSN: 1472-4677